Eyelid Cysts: types and treatments

The eyelid contains different types of tissue and glands, and an eyelid cyst can form from any of these areas.

Eyelid cyst categories

Eyelid cysts fall into two main categories: benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous). Sometimes it is difficult to determine the cause of the cyst, so a biopsy may be suggested. This involves taking a small piece of tissue for examination to confirm the diagnosis. Even benign eyelid cysts can be cosmetically unsightly or cause pain and irritation.

Common types of eyelid cysts

Chalazion cysts Chalazion is the most common type of benign eyelid cyst. It occurs when the oil glands around the eyelids become blocked, leading to the collection of secretions that form a cyst. This cyst can be easily removed under local anaesthesia using a hidden incision underneath the eyelid. If associated conditions like blepharitis or skin infections are present, further treatment may be necessary.

Xanthelasma lumps Xanthelasma are another common type of benign lump around the eyelids. These pale-yellow lesions occur when cholesterol deposits in the top layers of the eyelid skin. Xanthelasma can be easily removed, and it is usually recommended to check your cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of further Xanthelasma formation.

Other examples of benign eyelid lumps include Sebaceous Cysts, Sweat Gland Cysts, and Warts, all of which can be safely removed.

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is a type of skin cancer that commonly occurs around the eyelid area. While BCC tends to grow slowly, it can destroy deeper tissues and structures if left untreated. It should be removed promptly. Once removed, the eyelid area is reconstructed. If the edges of the cyst are not clear, a Moh’s Surgeon (a Specialist Dermatology Consultant) may be recommended to remove the cyst layer by layer to ensure complete removal before reconstructing the area.

How to treat eyelid cysts

• Chalazion cysts: Removal under local anaesthesia using a hidden incision underneath the eyelid.
• Xanthelasma lumps: Removal is recommended and checking cholesterol levels to prevent recurrence.
• Sebaceous cysts, sweat gland cysts, and warts: Safe removal by a specialist.
• Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): Surgical removal followed by reconstruction. Moh’s Surgery may be required in some cases.

Preventing eyelid cysts

Preventing eyelid cysts involves maintaining good eyelid hygiene, managing underlying conditions like blepharitis, and monitoring cholesterol levels. Regular check-ups with an eye specialist can help detect and treat eyelid cysts early.

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